TZM can be easily worked provided the following properties of TZM are taken in account.

Brittle-to-ductile temperature

Like all metals with body-centered cubic lattices, TZM has a transition temperature below which it can hardly be worked. The temperature where the transition of brittleness to ductility takes place, is called the brittle-to-ductile temperature. If TZM is heated above this temperature, it becomes ductile. The higher the degree of deformation of TZM, the lower is its transition temperature. Highly deformed wires and sheets can be bent cold.

Recrystallization temperature

The recrystallization temperature is a further temperature threshold to be observed. When TZM is heated above this temperature threshold the structure is altered by the formation of new grains and grain growth. Grain growth reduces strength and hardness and causes brittleness. The effect can be eliminated only by additional working such as rolling, swaging, drawing etc. The recrystallization temperature depends, among other factors, on the degree of deformation. It must be observed when annealing prior to warm-working, soft-annealing, stress-relieving or in high-temperature applications.

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